5.2. Rule File Macro Reference

Rules files in PTXdist are using macros to get things work. Its highly recommended to use these macros instead of doing something by ourself. Using these macros is portable and such easier to maintain in the case a project should be upgraded to a more recent PTXdist version.

This chapter describes the predefined macros in PTXdist and their usage.

Whenever one of these macros installs something to the target’s root filesystem, it also accepts user and group IDs which are common in all filesystems Linux supports. These IDs can be given as numerical values and as text strings. In the case text strings are given PTXdist converts them into the corresponding numerical value based on the BSP local files passwd and group. If more than one file with these names are present in the BSP PTXdist follows its regular rules which one it prefers.

Many paths shown here contains some parts in angle brackets. These have special meanings in this document.

<platform>

The name of a platform. Corresponds to the variable PTXCONF_PLATFORM

<platform-src>

The directory where the platform is defined. Corresponds to the variable PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR

<platform-dir>

Concatenated directory name with a leading platform- and the name of the selected platform name, e.g. <platform>. If the name of the currently active platform is foo, the final directory name is platform-foo. Corresponds to the variable PTXDIST_PLATFORMDIR

Note

The list of supported macros is not complete yet.

targetinfo

Usage:

$(call targetinfo)

Gives the user feedback about which build stage has just started. That’s why it should always be the first call for each stage. For the package foo and the compile stage, this macro will output:

--------------------
target: foo.compile
--------------------

touch

Usage:

$(call touch)

Gives the user feedback about which build stage has just finished. That’s why it should always be the last call for each stage. For the package foo and the compile stage, this macro will output:

finished target foo.compile

clean

Usage:

$(call clean, <directory path>)

Removes the given directory <directory path>

world/get, world/extract, world/prepare, world/compile, world/install

Usage:

$(call world/get, <PKG>)

The same for all other macros. These are the default build commands for the corresponding stages. For more details see the documentation of the default stages below.

extract

Usage:

$(call extract, <PKG>)

Extract a source archive into a directory. The source archive to unpack is taken from the <PKG>_SOURCE variable, and the directory to unpack to is taken from the <PKG>_DIR variable. This macro doesn’t do anything if <PKG>_URL points to a local directory instead of an archive or online URL.

The target directory is not removed, so extract can be used multiple times in a row to extract several archives. Usually clean is called before the first extract.

compile

Usage:

$(call compile, <PKG>, <build arguments>)

This macro is very similar to world/compile. The only differences is that is uses the specified build arguments instead of <PKG>_MAKE_OPT. This is useful if make needs to be called more than once in the compile stage.

world/execute, execute

Usage:

$(call execute, <PKG>, <command with arguments>)
$(call world/execute, <PKG>, <command with arguments>)

These macros make it possible to execute arbitrary commands during the build stages. This is useful because the environment is identical to the default build commands world/*.

world/execute also handles the generic setup handled in the current build stage. For prepare this means that, for out of tree builds, the build directory is deleted prior to executing the specified command. For install the package directory is deleted.

When --verbose is used then the full command is logged. With --quiet both stdout and stderr are redirected to the logfile.

ptx/image-install, ptx/image-install-link, world/image-clean

Usage:

@$(call ptx/image-install, <PKG>, $(<PKG>_BUILD_DIR)/<source-image-name>[, <image-name>])
@$(call ptx/image-install-link, <PKG>, <link-target>, <link-name>)
@$(call world/image-clean, <PKG>)

These macros are used to install files to platform-example/images. They are only allowed in the targetinstall stage. They are used by packages that produce files that are not part of a filesystem. Bootloaders are typical packages that do this.

ptx/image-install copies a file. The source must be an absolute path. The destination must be relative to the image directory. If the destination file name is the source file without the path, then this argument can be omitted.

ptx/image-install-link creates a symlink in the image directory.

world/image-clean will remove the files that were created by the other two macros in a previous run of the targetinstall stage. This macro is also called automatically by PTXdist’s default clean stage.

world/image-fit

@$(call world/image-fit, <PKG>)

Build a FIT image containing a kernel, optionally an initial ramdisk, and one or multiple device trees. For each device tree, a configuration node is generated.

Note

You can generate a template for a new FIT image recipe by calling ptxdist newpackage image-fit.

The following variables are respected:

<PKG>_IMAGE

The output file, usually something like $(IMAGEDIR)/pkg.fit.

<PKG>_KERNEL

The kernel image to package into the FIT image.

<PKG>_DTB

One or more device trees that should be included in the FIT image.

<PKG>_INITRAMFS

If the FIT image should contain an initial ramdisk, this variable determines the initrd file name that is included. Otherwise it can be left empty.

<PKG>_SIGN_ROLE

If the FIT image should be signed, this variable determines the role name used for the signature. It is passed to cs_get_uri.

<PKG>_KEY_NAME_HINT

If the FIT image should be signed, this variable determines the key-name-hint property of the signature node.

install_copy

Usage:

$(call install_copy, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <permission>, <source> [, <dest> [, <strip> ]])

Installs given file or directory into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg/opkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

Some of the parameters have fixed meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

<GID>

Group ID the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

<permission>

Permission (as a four-digit octal value) the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

The remaining parameters vary with the use case:

The <source> parameter can be:

• a directory path that should be created in the target’s root filesystem. In this case the <destination> must be omitted. The given path must always start with a / and means the root of the target’s filesystem.
• an absolute path to a file that should be copied to the target’s root filesystem. To avoid fixed paths, all packages are providing the <PKG>_DIR variable. So, this parameter in our foo example package can be a $(FOO_DIR)/foo.
• a minus sign (-). PTXdist uses the <destination> parameter in this case to locate the file to copy from. The <destination> is uses a path relative to the package install directory. This only works if the package uses the default or a similar install stage. For our foo example used source file is <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.1.0/<destination>.

The <dest> parameter can be:

• omitted if a directory in target’s root filesystem should be created. For this case the directory to be created is in the <source> parameter.
• an absolute path and filename with its root in target’s root filesystem. It must start with a slash (//). If also the <source> parameter was given, the file can be renamed while copying. If the <source> parameter was given as a minus sign (-) the <destination> is also used to locate the source. For our foo example package if we give <destination> as /usr/bin/foo, PTXdist copies the file <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.1.0/usr/bin/foo

The <strip> is a complete optional parameter to prevent this macro from the regular stripping process it does on files. Most of the cases stripping debug information from files is intended. But some kind of files getting destroyed when this stripping happens to them. One example is a Linux kernel module. If it gets stripped, it can’t be loaded into the kernel anymore.

full strip

fully strip the file while installing when this parameter is y or not given at all (default case).

partially strip

only strips real debug information from the file when this parameter is k. Useful to keep Linux kernel module loadable at run-time

no strip

preserve the file from being stripped when this parameter is one of the following: 0, n, no, N or NO.

Due to the complexity of this macro, here are some usage examples:

Create a directory in the root filesystem:

$(call install_copy, foo, 0, 0, 0755, /home/user-foo)

Copy a file from the package build directory to the root filesystem:

$(call install_copy, foo, 0, 0, 0755, $(FOO_DIR)/foo, /usr/bin/foo)

Copy a file from the package build directory to the root filesystem and rename it:

$(call install_copy, foo, 0, 0, 0755, $(FOO_DIR)/foo, /usr/bin/bar)

Copy a file from the package install directory to the root filesystem:

$(call install_copy, foo, 0, 0, 0755, -, /usr/bin/foo)

install_tree

Usage:

$(call install_tree, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <source dir>, <destination dir>[, <strip>])

Installs the whole directory tree with all files from the given directory into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

Some of the parameters have fixed meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the UID from the source tree

<GID>

Group ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the GID from the source tree

<source dir>

This is the path to the tree of directories and files to be installed. It can be - to use the package directory of the current package instead

<destination dir>

The basename of the to-be-installed tree in the root filesystem

<strip>

same as for install_copy.

Note: This installation macro

• uses the same permission flags in the destination dir as found in the source dir. This is valid for directories and regular files
• skips all directories with names like .svn, .git, .pc and CVS in the source directory

Examples:

Install the whole tree found in /home/jbe/foo to the root filesystem at location /usr/share/bar.

$(call install_tree, foo, 0, 0, /home/jbe/foo, /usr/share/bar)

Install all files from the tree found in the current package FOO to the root filesystem at location /usr/share/bar.

$(call install_tree, foo, 0, 0, -, /usr/share/bar)

If the current package is foo-1.0 the base path for the directory tree will be $(PKGDIR)/foo-1.0/usr/share/bar.

install_alternative_tree

Usage:

$(call install_alternative_tree, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <destination dir>)

Installs the whole source directory tree with all files from the given directory into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

The <destination dir> is used like in the install_alternative to let PTXdist search in the same directories and order for the given directory.

Some of the parameters have fixed meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the UID from the source

<GID>

Group ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the GID from the source

<destination dir>

The basename of the to-be-installed tree in the root filesystem

Note

This installation macro

• uses the same permission flags in the destination dir as found in the source dir. This is valid for directories and regular files
• skips all directories with names like .svn, .git, .pc and CVS in the source directory

Examples:

Install the whole tree found in project’s projectroot/usr/share/bar to the root filesystem at location /usr/share/bar.

$(call install_alternative_tree, foo, 0, 0, /usr/share/bar)

To install nothing, use a symlink to /dev/null instead of the base directory. See install_alternative for more details.

install_alternative

Usage:

$(call install_alternative, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <permission>, <destination>)

Installs given files or directories into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg/opkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

The base parameters and their meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

<GID>

Group ID the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

<permission>

Permission (as a four-digit octal value) the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

The parameter <destination> is meant as an absolute path and filename in target’s root filesystem. PTXdist searches for the source of this file in:

• the local project
• in the used platform
• PTXdist’s install path
• in the current package

As this search algorithm is complex, here an example for the file /etc/foo in package FOO. PTXdist will search for this file in the following order:

• project’s directory projectroot.<platform>/etc/foo
• project’s directory projectroot/etc/foo.<platform>
• platform’s directory <platform-src>/projectroot/etc/foo.<platform>
• project’s directory projectroot/etc/foo
• platform’s directory <platform-src>/projectroot/etc/foo
• ptxdist’s directory projectroot/etc/foo
• package’s directory $(FOO_PKGDIR)/etc/foo
• package’s directory $(FOO_DIR)/etc/foo

The generic rules are looking like the following:

• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/projectroot$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)/etc/foo
• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/projectroot/etc/foo$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)
• $(PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR)/projectroot/etc/foo$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)
• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/projectroot/etc/foo
• $(PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR)/projectroot/etc/foo
• $(PTXDIST_TOPDIR)/projectroot/etc/foo
• $(FOO_PKGDIR)/etc/foo
• $(FOO_DIR)/etc/foo

Note: You can get the current values for the listed variables above via running PTXdist with the print parameter:

$ ptxdist print PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX

install_alternative is used by upstream PTXdist packages to install config files. In some rare use-cases the file should not be installed at all. For example if the config file is generated at runtime or provided by a special configuration package. This is possible by creating a symlink to /dev/null instead of a file at one of the locations described above. PTXdist skips installing the file if it detects such a symlink.

install_link

Usage:

$(call install_link, <package>, <point to>, <where>)

Installs a symbolic link into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg/opkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

The parameters and their meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<point to>

Path and name the link should point to. Note: This macro rejects absolute paths. If needed use relative paths instead.

<where>

Path and name of the symbolic link.

A few usage examples.

Create a symbolic link as /usr/lib/libfoo.so pointing to libfoo.so.1.1.0 in the same directory:

$(call install_link, foo, libfoo.so.1.1.0, /usr/lib/libfoo.so)

Create a symbolic link as /usr/bin/foo pointing to /bin/bar:

$(call install_link, foo, ../../bin/bar, /usr/bin/foo)

install_archive

Usage:

$(call install_archive, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <archive> , <base path>[, <strip>])

Installs archives content into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg/opkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

All parameters have fixed meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID all files and directory of the archive should use in the target’s root filesystem. A - uses the file’s/directory’s UID in the archive

<GID>

Group ID the files and directories should use in the target’s root filesystem. A - uses the file’s/directory’s GID in the archive

<archive>

Name of the archive to be used in this call. The given path and filename is used as is

<base path>

Base path component in the root filesystem the archive should be extracted to. Can be just / for root.

<strip>

same as for install_copy.

install_glob

Usage:

$(call install_glob, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <source dir>, <destination dir>, <yglob>, <nglob>[, <strip>])

Installs parts of a directory tree with all files from the given directory into:

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

Some of the parameters have fixed meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the UID from the source tree

<GID>

Group ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem or - to keep the GID from the source tree

<source dir>

This is the path to the tree of directories and files to be installed. It can be - to use the package directory of the current package instead

<destination dir>

The basename of the to-be-installed tree in the root filesystem

<yglob>

A list of pathname patterns. All files or directories that match _any_ pattern in the list are installed. Note: the patterns must match the whole absolute path, e.g. */foo. An empty list is equivalent to a pattern that matches all files.

<nglob>

Like <yglob> but any matching files or directories will not be installed. For directories, this includes the whole contents of the directory.

Except for the pathname patterns, this command works like install_tree. The <yglob> and <nglob> patterns are combined: Only files that match <yglob> and do not match <nglob> are installed.

Examples:

Install all shared libraries found in $(FOO_PKGDIR)/usr/lib/foo except libbar.so

$(call install_glob, foo, 0, 0, -, /usr/lib/foo, *.so, */libbar.so)

install_lib

Usage:

$(call install_lib, <package>, <UID>, <GID>, <permission>, <libname>)

Installs the shared library <libname> into the root filesystem.

• the project’s <platform-dir>/root/
• an ipkg/opkg packet in the project’s <platform-dir>/packages/

The parameters and their meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<UID>

User ID the file should use in the target’s root filesystem

<GID>

Group ID the directories and files should use in the target’s root filesystem

<permission>

Permission (as a four-digit octal value) the library should use in the target’s root filesystem (mostly 0644)

<libname>

Basename of the library without any extension and path

The install_lib macro searches for the library at the most common directories /lib and /usr/lib. And it searches always in the package’s corresponding directory in <platform-dir>/packages/. It also handles all required links to make the library work at run-time.

An example.

Lets assume the package ‘foo-1.0.0’ has installed the library libfoo into its <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.0.0 at:

• the lib: <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.0.0/usr/lib/libfoo1.so.0.0.0
• first link: <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.0.0/usr/lib/libfoo1.so.0
• second link: <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.0.0/usr/lib/libfoo1.so

Note

The second link is only needed for the linker at build-time to resolve -lfoo1. It is not needed at run-time so install_lib will skip it.

To install this library and its corresponding link, the following line does the job:

$(call install_lib, foo, 0, 0, 0644, libfoo1)

Note: The package’s install stage must be ‘DESTDIR’ aware to be able to make it install its content into the corresponding packages directory (in our example <platform-dir>/packages/foo-1.0.0/ here).

install_replace

Usage:

$(call install_replace, <package>, <filename>, <placeholder>, <value>)

Replace placeholder with value in a previously installed file.

The parameters and their meanings:

<package>

Name of the IPKG/OPKG the macro should work on

<filename>

Absolute filepath in target root filesystem

<placeholder>

A string in the file which should be replaced. Usually some uppercase word surrounded by @ signs

<value>

The value which should appear in the root filesystem instead of the placeholder, could be some PTXCONF variable

The install_replace macro can be used in targetinstall stage to adapt some template and replace strings with content from menu variables or other sources. For example look at the timezone you set in the ptxdist menu. An install_replace call in rules/timezone.make replaces the string @TIMEZONE@ in the file /etc/timezone in root filesystem with the content of the menu variable PTXCONF_TIMEZONE_LOCALTIME. The file must be installed with some other install_* command before install_replace can be used. A typical call would look like this:

$(STATEDIR)/timezone.targetinstall:
     ...
     @$(call install_replace, timezone, /etc/timezone, @TIMEZONE@, \
             $(PTXCONF_TIMEZONE_LOCALTIME))

ptx/cfghash, ptx/cfghash-file

Usage:

$(call ptx/cfghash, <PKG>, <string>)
$(call ptx/cfghash-file, <PKG>, <file>)

Add an arbitrary <string> or the content of <file> to the config hash for <PKG>. This has the effect that the package will be rebuilt when the string or the content of the file changes.

ptx/endis, ptx/disen, ptx/wow, ptx/wwo, ptx/yesno, ptx/truefalse, ptx/falsetrue, ptx/onoff, ptx/ifdef

Usage:

$(call ptx/endis, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/disen, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/wow, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/wwo, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/yesno, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/noyes, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/truefalse, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/falsetrue, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/onoff, VARIABLE)
$(call ptx/ifdef, VARIABLE, [expansion-if-true], [expansion-if-false])

Several macros exist to convert the state (set/unset) of a variable into a string. These are useful for <PKG>_CONF_OPT variables, and expand as follows:

Macro name	Expansion if VARIABLE set	Expansion if VARIABLE unset	Exemplary use case
ptx/endis	enable	disable	autoconf
ptx/disen	disable	enable	autoconf
ptx/wow	without	with	autoconf
ptx/wwo	with	without	autoconf
ptx/yesno	yes	no	autoconf cache vars
ptx/noyes	no	yes	scons
ptx/truefalse	true	false	meson
ptx/falsetrue	false	true	meson
ptx/onoff	ON	OFF	cmake
ptx/ifdef	the second parameter	the third parameter	(multiple)

Some real-life examples:

BASH_CONF_OPT      += --$(call ptx/endis, PTXCONF_BASH_DEBUGGER)-debugger
OPENOCD_CONF_OPT   += --$(call ptx/disen, PTXCONF_OPENOCD_PARPORT_DISABLE_PARPORT_PPDEV)-parport-ppdev
COREUTILS_CONF_OPT += --$(call ptx/wwo, PTXCONF_GLOBAL_SELINUX)-selinux
LESS_CONF_ENV      += ac_cv_lib_ncurses_initscr=$(call ptx/yesno, PTXCONF_LESS_NCURSES)

SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Dmicrohttpd=$(call ptx/truefalse,PTXCONF_SYSTEMD_MICROHTTPD)
SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Drandomseed=$(call ptx/falsetrue,PTXCONF_SYSTEMD_DISABLE_RANDOM_SEED)

MYSQL_CONF_OPT     += -DWITH_SYSTEMD=$(call ptx/onoff, PTXCONF_MYSQL_SYSTEMD)

CUPS_CONF_OPT      += $(call ptx/ifdef,PTXCONF_CUPS_PERL,--with-perl=/usr/bin/perl,--without-perl)

If the respective variable is set, these statements would expand to:

BASH_CONF_OPT      += --enable-debugger
OPENOCD_CONF_OPT   += --disable-parport-ppdev
COREUTILS_CONF_OPT += --with-selinux
LESS_CONF_ENV      += ac_cv_lib_ncurses_initscr=yes

SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Dmicrohttpd=true
SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Drandomseed=false

MYSQL_CONF_OPT     += -DWITH_SYSTEMD=on

CUPS_CONF_OPT      += --with-perl=/usr/bin/perl

whereas if the respective variable is unset, they would expand to the opposite:

BASH_CONF_OPT      += --disable-debugger
OPENOCD_CONF_OPT   += --enable-parport-ppdev
COREUTILS_CONF_OPT += --without-selinux
LESS_CONF_ENV      += ac_cv_lib_ncurses_initscr=no

SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Dmicrohttpd=false
SYSTEMD_CONF_OPT   += -Drandomseed=true

MYSQL_CONF_OPT     += -DWITH_SYSTEMD=off

CUPS_CONF_OPT      += --without-perl

ptx/get-alternative

Usage:

$(call ptx/get-alternative, <prefix>, <file>)

This macro can be used to find files or directories in the BSP and PTXdist. The search path is very similar to install_alternative. The first existing location of the following paths is returned:

• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/$(prefix)$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)/$(file)
• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/$(prefix)/$(file)$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)
• $(PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR)/$(prefix)/$(file)$(PTXDIST_PLATFORMSUFFIX)
• $(PTXDIST_WORKSPACE)/$(prefix)/$(file)
• $(PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR)/$(prefix)/$(file)
• $(PTXDIST_TOPDIR)/$(prefix)/$(file)

ptx/in-path

Usage:

$(call ptx/in-path, <path>, <file>)

This macro can be used to find files or directories in the BSP and PTXdist. The path must be a variable name that is available in a shell called by make. The variable must contain a : separated list of directories. The file will be searched in these directories and the first existing path is returned. PTXdist defines several variables that can be used here. The directories are in the usual search order.

• PTXDIST_PATH_LAYERS contains all layers from PTXDIST_WORKSPACE to PTXDIST_TOPDIR
• PTXDIST_PATH is like PTXDIST_PATH_LAYERS but also contains the PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR for each layer.
• PTXDIST_PATH_SCRIPTS, PTXDIST_PATH_RULES and PTXDIST_PATH_PLATFORMS are like PTXDIST_PATH with the extra scripts/, rules/ and platforms/ subdirectory respectively.

Hint: use the print command to get the exact list of directories for each of these variables.

ptx/in-platformconfigdir

Usage:

$(call ptx/in-platformconfigdir, <file>)

This macro is only useful with multiple layers. The argument file is searched for in the platform directory in all layers in the usual search order. It returns the first existing file. If none exists it returns $(PTXDIST_PLATFORMCONFIGDIR)/$(file). This avoids unexpected errors due to empty variables if a file is missing.